USE CASE
Clinical Trial Decisions
Use early clinical trial data with relevant external evidence to understand responders and non-responders, identify biological signals, and determine how the next phase should change.
THE CHALLENGE
Turn early trial data into a clearer next-phase strategy.
01
Are there important baseline imbalances between response groups?
02
Which molecular, cellular, or histologic features distinguish responders from non-responders?
03
Which biological programs are associated with sensitivity, non-response, or acquired resistance?
04
Is the observed signal concentrated in a biologically defined subgroup?
05
Do response-associated signals replicate in relevant external cohorts or modalities?
06
Which biomarkers are sufficiently supported for next-phase enrichment or prospective validation?
07
What additional samples, assays, or endpoints would reduce uncertainty?
Scroll horizontally to review all seven questions.
From trial observations to next-phase decisions.
01
Characterize the trial cohort
Evaluate baseline characteristics, molecular features, sample availability, endpoints, and potential confounding factors.
02
Compare response groups
Identify molecular, cellular, histologic, and clinical differences between responders and non-responders.
03
Evaluate biomarker evidence
Test response and resistance signals across relevant modalities, subgroups, and external evidence.
04
Refine the next phase
Translate the findings into an enrichment strategy, biomarker validation plan, and recommendations for the next study design.
A decision package for phase transition.
Trial cohort characterization
A clear view of the study population, data completeness, baseline variation, and potential confounding factors.
Response-group analysis
A comparison of the biological and clinical features associated with response and non-response.
Response and resistance biomarkers
Prioritized biomarkers with effect direction, supporting evidence, limitations, and replication status.
Refined patient-selection hypothesis
A defined subgroup or enrichment hypothesis for evaluation in the next phase.
Next-phase validation plan
Recommended cohort analyses, assays, sample collection, and prospective tests needed to confirm the findings.
Study design and treatment arms
Baseline clinical characteristics
Treatment exposure
Response and outcome labels
Genomics and transcriptomics
Single-cell or spatial data
Digital pathology
Longitudinal and recurrence samples